Clinical Governance and Risk Management - 3227 Words

Clinical Governance and Risk Management have become increasingly important over the last decade in the various fields of nursing. The development of the concept of clinical governance will be discussed and how it can be facilitated into practice with relation to learning disabilities nursing. Clinical Governance was first introduced in the White Paper ‘The New NHS: Modern, dependable’ (DoH, 1997). Donaldson (1998) viewed clinical governance as the vehicle to achieve, locally, continuous improvements in clinical quality, which will aid the government’s agenda for modernisation of the NHS. This modernisation includes improving services such as clinical audit, clinical effectiveness programmes and risk management. Donaldson was among many†¦show more content†¦The Health Act (1999) gave chief executives of NHS trusts a statutory responsibility for clinical governance; they are accountable for the successful implementation. However, to achieve the daily high s tandards of care all staff must acknowledge and understand the components that support clinical governance into their practice. Boden and Kelly (1999) view these components as Clinical audit, Clinical effectiveness, Clinical Risk management, Quality assurance and Organisational and staff development. Some of the components may or may not be new but they are now placed in an overall framework for quality and assurance. Each element mentioned, must be scrutinised to ensure it is serving both the patient and the organisation. McSherry and Pearce (2007a pg.59) state that ‘to ensure that an organisation and staff deliver a high quality service, they need to have sound knowledge and well developed skills and competencies to perform their roles efficiently and effectively’. To attain this, it is essential that each component is lead by a clinician who has respect and confidence in healthcare staff and has the ability to influence, guide and lead through change. Walshe (2000) recognise the growing number of research articles on clinical governance that identify the many challenges that organisations face in its implementation. The barriers affecting the implementing process originate from internal and external sources, which can affectShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Clinical Governance Project Leader At Mokoia District Health Board Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pages GOVERNANCE MANAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE HLTH.8002 ASSESSMENT 1-REPORT ID NUM 27009892 11/21/2014 â€Æ' Summary of the report I am Gowthami the health professional appointed to the role of clinical governance project leader at â€Å"Mokoia District Health Board†. 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What Are The Withdrawal Symptoms - 816 Words

HPE RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What are the withdrawal symptoms? 2. What support is available for teenagers who are addicted? 3. What strategies could Teenagers use to combat peer pressure? WHAT ARE COCAINE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS? The most commonly cited Gawin and Kleber undertook study into cocaine withdrawal in 1986. Using data collected from 30 cocaine-dependent outpatients, the investigators reported three distinct phases ( crash , withdrawal and extinction ) of the withdrawal process: †¢ Phase one, the crash , developed rapidly following abrupt cessation of heavy cocaine use and was characterised by acute dysphoria, irritability and anxiety, increased desire for sleep, exhaustion, increased appetite, decreased craving to use.†¦show more content†¦The 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health estimates that about 0.7 percent of kids over the age of 12 used cocaine in the month prior to the survey and another 0.1 percent abused crack in the same time period. Many parents have enrolled their teens into a program called Teen Challenge to help those with a teen drug addiction. This program is extremely successful and transforming the lives of Teens who are addicted to drugs and alcohol. Teen Challenge is designed to help teens turn their lives around, rebuild relationships and, most of all, break the cycle of addiction and not relapse. A by-product of this life rebuilding process is a reduction in drug and alcohol crime in the community. What strategies could teenagers use to combat peer pressure? A very simple and probably the most basic one would be to stop hanging out with the people that do drugs and force peer pressure upon you. Teenagers should surround themselves with good people and that will help them become a better person and deal with peer pressure and will most likely shape what kind of person they’ll become in the future but not only that but even shaping the future career wise is always a possibility. Parents can play a huge role in the difference of their child becoming a drug addict because of peer pressure or them living up to their expectations simply by guiding them in the right direction and maybe keep a closer eye out on them wont do any harm although teenagers

Merchant Banking Free Essays

string(196) " there it is famous in all around the world and now India is become major hub of providing these services Indian bank are provided these services very successfully and they are regulated by SEBI\." A merchant bank This free essay was written by a student and not by our expert writers. If you need custom essays on your exact essay questions, then have a look at our essay writing service. What is Merchant Bank? A Merchant bank is a bank or a financial institution which is more focusing on providing financial services and advice to corporations and wealthy individuals, so we can say that a Merchant bank is that which providing Private equity activities of banking. We will write a custom essay sample on Merchant Banking or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two types of banks which provides these private equity services and they are Merchant banks and Investment Banks and the main difference between these banks is merchant bank invest its own capital in a client company whereas an investment bank is act as a distributor of the securities of the company in its capital raising role. First bank that providing these services was establish on 13th November 1994 and its name was First Merchant Bank (FMB). It is a registered commercial bank that’s established in Malawi Stock exchange. So, in short we can say that Merchant bank is the bank that engaged in providing the business of issue management either by making arrangements regarding selling, buying or subscribing to securities as manager , consultant, advisor or rendering corporate advisory service in relation to such issue management. Objectives of Merchant Banking in Prevailing economy:- * To Study the role of Merchant Banking towards the development of Securities industry * To analyze and regulate the functions of issue Management regulations * To perform the function of merchant banking as per the guidelines of rules and regulations of SEBI. To draw a conclusion and suggestions based on analysis and experiences. Merchant Banking in India: Merchant banking can be describe as a commercial activity that’s first introduced in India by issuing management of public issue of capital and loan syndication. In 1969 ANZ Grindlays Bank introduced merchant bank services first time in India. This bank also provide s management consultancy services to medium and small sector. The activities of merchant banking in India include the following services:- * To manage customers securities * To manage the portfolio of Customers To manage the projects and counseling as well as appraisal * To manage the underwriting of Shares and debentures * To manage the process of interest and dividends * To circumvention of the syndication of loan Registration of Merchant bankers with SEBI:- It is mandatory for a merchant bank to register with SEBI. Without holding certificate of origin granted by SEBI . Following are some regulations which are given by SEBI in order to be a Merchant Banker:- * Only a body corporate other than a non-banking financial company shall be eligible to get registered as merchant banker. As a merchant banker, applicant can only perform the function that are connected with Security market. * Applicant should have proper infrastructure to set up Merchant bank. * Two employees with prior exp erience in merchant banking should be there in merchant bank. * Applicant should not be involved in any security scam or in any proved guilt for offence. * Minimum net worth of 5 crores should be there with applicant at all the time. Categories of Merchant Bankers:- Merchant bankers are classified in following 4 categories:- Merchant Banks that provides all the functions related to management of Issue, advisory/consultancy services, portfolio managers, underwriters and Portfolio managers. This type of merchant bankers comes under category 1 * Merchant banks that provides functions as underwriters, advisors and consultants is comes under category 2 * Merchant banks that provides function of Underwriters, advisors and Consultants these banks comes under category 3 * Merchant banks that can provide only advisers and consultancy services to an issue comes under category 4. Major Merchant Bankers in India:- In India Merchant Banking is new Concept but still there are 135 banks who register as Merchant Bank under SEBI. It includes Public Sector, Private Sector and Foreign Bankers. Following are some examples of these Bankers:- Public sector Merchant Bankers: * SBI CAPITAL MARKETS LTD * PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK * BANK OF MAHARASHTRA * IFCI FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD * KARUR VYSYA BANK LTD, * STATE BANK OF BIKANER AND JAIPUR Private Sector Merchant Bankers: * ICICI SECURITIES LTD * AXIS BANK LTD. (FORMERLY UTI BANK LTD. ) * BAJAJ CAPITAL LTD TATA CAPITAL MARKETS LTD * ICICI BANK LTD * RELIANCE SECURITIES LIMITED * KOTAK MAHINDRA CAPITAL COMPANY LTD * YES BANK LTD. Foreign Players in Merchant Banking: * GOLDMAN SACHS (INDIA) SECURITIES PVT. LTD. * MORGAN STANLEY INDIA COMPANY PVT LTD * BARCLAYS SECURITIES (INDIA) PVT. LTD * BANK OF AMERICA, N. A * DEUTSCHE BANK * DEUTSCHE EQUITIES INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED * BARCLAYS BANK PLC * CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INDIA PVT. LTD. * DSP MERRILL LYNCH LTD * FEDEX SECURITIES LTD ANALYSIS OF ARTICLES ARTICLE 1:- Marketing effectiveness in Merchant Banking In this article author Alka Sharma discuss about the economic reforms that took place in Indian financial sector. This type of reforms has gaining more importance as financial intermediaries and also help in opening new opportunity for growth and development of various financial services. As a result of this new reforms there is a shift in financial services from quantitative to qualitative services. Financial institution is highly competitive due to which many financial institutions comes with new and modern services and its best example is Merchant Banking as almost all the banks are providing this type of services. In this article it has been further explained that how effectively the banks providing this services and how much competition is these banks facing while providing this services because these services is almost same in all the banks and that’s why they are focusing on different marketing Strategy while providing these services and how private and public banks differ in providing these services this article also further tells that private banks are more successful while providing these services Article:- 2 Merchant Banking Services -Some thoughts on Indian Scenario http://www. articlesbase. om/banking-articles/merchant-bankingservicessome-thoughts-1351247. html In this article author DR. R. Srinivasan discuss about the merchant banking services in India and article tells that this services first started in Italy and from there it is famous in all around the world and now India is become major hub of providing these services Indian bank are provided these services very successfu lly and they are regulated by SEBI. You read "Merchant Banking" in category "Essay examples" This article also discuss the Services of merchant banker like Management of Debt, Placement and distribution, loan syndication services, project advisory services and providing venture capital. Article 3:- Final rule on Merchant Banking activities. In this article author discuss about the rule of governing merchant banking services it tells how merchant bank performed this services and how SEBI regulated the banks. This article also discuss that a new competition has been started between the banks in order to attract more business and the bank are more focusing on qualitative services like marketing network, Brand name, and advisory functions. Finally this article conclude that Merchant Banks following no uniform strategy by providing these services because they are fighting on service bases. Article4 : – Merchant Banking Past and present This article begins by defining merchant banking and provides a short history of it. The article then looks at the private equity market and changes in stock exchange in India, examining that market in terms of its evolution, typical uses of funds, and forms taken by the investments. Discussed next is commercial bank involvement in merchant banking: the structure of commercial bank involvement, the evolution of that involvement, and the recent track record. The major provisions of the SEBI, legislation which authorizes financial holding companies to engage in merchant banking, is looked at next. The final section focuses on the relationship among merchant banking, risk, and the regulators. Note: OE: Overall Excellence; FSS: Financial Soundness ; QPS: Quality Product/Service; QM: Quality Management; INN: Innovativeness. Major services of Merchant Banking in Detail:- Project Counseling:- it is one f the important function of merchant banks, it includes all the functions starting from taking decision whether the project is feasible or not on the basis of financial cost and profitable scope of the project and this function also includes giving financial help to these projects with the help of government and financial institutions. Issue Management: – Now a days it is one of important of Merchant Banks. Many companies issues there IPO, shares, debentures in order to raise their funds and Merchant Banks act as a intermediary between Public and cooperates helps in successfully issue of these securities. Merchant Banker has to perform this function as per SEBI guidelines. All the important decisions like date of opening and closing of issue, registration of prospectus, launching publicity campaign, fixing date f board meeting and all other major decisions are taken by Merchant Banker. Managers, Consultants and Advisers: – Merchant banks act as a consultants and advisors of corporate while issuing any type of securities. They performed the functions like drafting of prospectus, application forms and completion of formalities under Company Act 1956. Companies usually appoint one or two Merchant Banks for issuing their securities. Underwriting of Public Issue: – By underwriting we mean guarantee given by the underwriter in event of under subscription. Merchant banks perform this function now days and cannot subscribe more than 15% of any issue. Portfolio Management: – Portfolio management means to diversified the investment of the investors or to plan their investment in different type of securities like in shares, Mutual Fund, government securities etc. so has to gain better returns at a minimum risk. This function is performed by all the Merchant Banks now a days. Credit Syndication:- Credit syndication relates to activities connected with credit procurement and project financing, aimed at raising Indian and foreign currency loans from banks and financial institutions, are collectively known as ‘credit yndication’. Merger and Acquisition:-This is a specialized service provided by the merchant banker who arranges for negotiating acquisitions and mergers by offering expert valuation regarding the quantum and the nature of considerations, and other related matters. The various functions that form part of this activity are as follows: 1. Undertaking management audit to identify areas of corporate strength and weakness in order to help formulate guidelines and directions for future growth. . Conducting exploratory studies on a global basis to locate overseas markets, foreign collaborations and prospective joint venture associates. 3. Obtaining approvals from shareholders, depositors, creditors, government, and other authorities. 4. Monitoring the implementation of merger and amalgamation schemes. 5. Identifying organizations with matching characteristics. Venture Financing:-Venture capital is the equity financing for high-risk and high-reward projects. The concept of venture capital originated in the USA in the 1950s, when business magnates like Rockefeller financed new technology companies. The concept became more popular during the sixties and seventies, when several private enterprises undertook the financing of high-risk and high reward projects. Lease Financing:-Leasing is an important alternative source of financing a capital outlay. It involves letting out assets on lease for use by the lessee for a particular period of time. Following are the important services provided in regard to leasing: 1. Providing advice on the viability of leasing as an alternative source for financing capital investment projects. 2. Providing advice on the choice of a favorable rental structure. Off Shore Finance: – Following are the offshore functions performed by Merchant bankers:- * Long-term foreign currency loans * Joint venture abroad * Financing Imports and Exports * Foreign Collaboration arrangements Corporate Counseling The set of activities that is undertaken to ensure the efficient running of a corporate enterprise is known as corporate counseling. It may include the rejuvenating of old line companies and ailing units, and guiding the existing units in identifying the areas or activities for growth and diversification. The merchant banker guides the clients on various aspects like Location factors, organizational size, operational scale, choice of product, market survey, cost analysis, cost reduction, allocation of resources, investment decision, capital management and expenditure control, pricing, etc. Examples of Best Merchant Banker:- ( BEST MERCHANT BANKERS IN INDIA) SBI CAPITAL MARKET: -According to Business outlook magazines SBI capital Markets , Subsidiary of SBI is the oldest and best Merchant Banker in 2009. It mainly offers services in Mergers and Acquisition, it also offers services in Publics and right offers, private placements and buybacks and it provides Project advisory in mainly core sector i. e. Telecom and Power sector. SBI caps have got this appreciation after successfully doing IPO in 2008. KOTAK MAHINDRA BANK:- According to Business outlook magazine Kotak Mahindra Bank because this bank manages 13 equity issue which includes ONGC, Biocon and Infosys ADR offerings. How Merchant Banks Help In Launching an IPO:- If we talk about the previous method of issuing IPO , in this method merchant banker and issuer fixed the price and then investor’s buy IPO by filling the application form but this traditional method is changed due to changing role of Merchant Banks and changing scenario in Indian stock market. Recently Hughes software is used in order to launch an IPO. Following are new method of launching an IPO now and how Merchant Banks helps in doing that:- * First of all Merchant bankers and Issuer fixed the price by using Bidding Method, in India Price has been fixed which seems to be below 50% lower as compared to this price which should be fixed, so, IPO is issued underpriced. * Then Merchant Bankers Selects Syndicate members who help them in selling the issue * Orders were then collected by Merchant bankers and then they submitted it to NSE by using the computerized IPO system * Then in next step Investors could place, modify and delete orders in book building period. Then NSE system revealed this information to Merchant Bankers. Full database of the orders was passed on by NSE to Merchant Bankers. CURRENT SCENARIO OF MERCHANT BANKING At present merchant banks following main services and major Merchant Bankers in India is providing these services * Portfolio Management Credit Syndication * Acceptance Credit. * Counsel onmergers and acquisi tions. * Insurance, etc. Indian merchant banks initiate loans and then sell them to investors. As planning and industrial policy of the country envisaged the setting of up of new industries and technology, greater financial sophistication and financial services are required. There is a well proven link between economic growth and financial technology. Economic development requires specialist financial skills: savings banks to marshal individual savings; finance companies for consumer lending and mortgage finance; insurance companies for life and property cover; agricultural banks for rural development; and a range of specialized government or government sponsored institutions. As new units have been set up and business is expanding, they require additional financial services. A public equity or debt issue is the logical source of fund in this situation and merchant banks can tap this opportunity of growth. The areas of great scope could be, * Growth of Primary market: If the primary market grows and number of issues increases, the scope of merchant banking will be enhanced. * Entry of Foreign Investors: Now India capital market directly taps foreign capital through euro issues. FDI is increased in capital market. So Merchant bankers are required to advice them for their investment in India. The increasing number of joint ventures also requires expert services of Merchant Bankers. If more and more NRIs participate in capital market, there will be great demand for merchant banker services. Changing policy of Financial Institutions: and the lending policies of financial institutions are based on project orientation, so the merchant banker services will be needed by corporate enterprise to provide expert guidance. * Development of debt markets: If the debt market is enhanced, there will be tremendous scope for Merchant bankers. Now NSE and OTCEI are planned to raise their fund through debt instruments. Corporate restructuring: Due to liberalization and globalization Companies are facing lot of competition. In order to compete, they have to go for restructuring, merger, acquisitions or disinvestments. They may offer good opportunities to merchant bankers * The scope could be extended to 1. Advising the company on designing of its Capital Structure. 2. Advising the company on the instrument to be offered to the public. 3. Pricing of the instrument. 4. Advising the company on Legal/ regulatory matters and interaction with SEBI/ ROC/ Stock 5. Exchanges and other regulatory authorities. 6. Assisting the company in marketing the issue. 7. In channelizing the financial surplus of the general public into productive investment avenues. 8. To coordinate the activities of various intermediaries to the share issue such as the registrar, bankers, advertising agency, printers, underwriters, brokers etc. 9. To ensure the compliance with rules and regulations governing the securities market THE FACTORS ON WHICH GROWTH OF MERCHANT BANKING DEPENDS: 1. Planning and industrial policy of the country i. e. India in this case 2. Prevailing Economic condition of the country 3. Regulatory system of the market and economy prevailing in India 4. Confidence of the people, traders, buyers, marketers, business houses, financial institutions etc 5. The economic environment of the outside world. 6. Competition among the existing players and the upcoming entrants. CANARA BANK Canara Bank is one the best commercial bank in India it was amongst the oldest Indian Bank in India. Its head office in india is in Banglore, India this bank is present all around the world i. . in London, Hong Kong, Moscow, Shanghai, Doha and Dubai. It is very well known for its centricity, at present it occupies premier position in the comity of Indian banks. It has shown very good profits and its current growth is very good. Canara Bank has launched several new revolution in the banking industry:- * It introduce Inter-City ATM network * It obtains ISO certification for a branch * It introduced Bank’s Citizen Charte r * It issued credit card for farmers * It also provides Agriculture consultancy services Merchant Banking Services by Canara Bank:- In India Canara bank is one of the Best Merchant banker and it provides best merchant banking services as compare to its competitors. It also holds SEBI registration certificate and act as a banker to an issue and has the network of exclusive capital market services to handle collecting, refund and paying Banker assignments. It also undertakes project appraisal and helps in raising capital from capital/ debt issue. Canara Bank is one of the leading Merchant banker and has been associated with the issues ranging from 1 to 1500 crores which involves issues of various types of industries, banks and statutory bodies etc. nd helps in handling issues of both retail and HNS. Following are the major merchant banking services provided by Canara Bank:- * EQUITY ISSUE MANAGEMENT * DEBT ISSUE MANAGEMENT * PRIVATE PLACEMENT * PROJECT APPRAISAL * MONITORING AGENCY ASSIGNMENTS * IPO FUNDING * SECURITY TRUSTEE SERVICES * AGRICULTURE CONSULTANCY SERVICES * CORPORATE ADVISORY SERVICES * MERGERS AND AC QUISITION * BUY BACK ASSIGNMENT * SHARE VALUATION * SYNDICATION * ESOS CERTIFICATION ABOUT INDBANK INDBANK establish in 1907 and its head quarter is at Chennai. It is no. merchant banker in India it has 1667 branches and of the biggest public sector bank is India. It is nationalized and had branches all over the world i. e. 229 branches in 69 countries. Merchant Banking services provided by this bank:- * It acts as a function of lead manager, Co-manager, advisor, arrangement for public and right issue. * It also performs the function of Merger and acquisition and also buyback of securities under SEBI regulation 1996 * Merchant banking services of INDBANK also includes following Advisory services:- * Valuation of shares and other financial instruments Syndication of loans * Acquisition * Project Counseling and feasibility studies Performance on the bases of last three years:- ( 2006 to 2009) Interpretation:- If we compare these two Banks on the terms of their profile then there is no doubt Indbank is far ahead as compare to Canara Bank because of two reasons:- * Firstly this bank is Government bank and their capital base is much higher as compare to Canara Bank. * Secondly Indbank is older than Canara bank and it is well established. But if we compare it on the bases of performance in providing these Merchant Banking services then in case of equity issue,Allottess and M ; A Canara bank is ahead of Indbank whereas In case of AVG IPO IND bank is ahead of Canara bank. So, we can say that these banks are very close on the bases of competition if we compare their performance. So, it is very hard to compare these two banks but we can say that they are very close to each other. Read more: http://www. universityessays. com/example-essays/english-language/a-merchant-bank. php#ixzz2CXlx0LMj How to cite Merchant Banking, Essay examples Merchant Banking Free Essays Merchant Banking Merchant banking may be defined as, â€Å"an institution which covers a wide range of activities such as management of customer services, portfolio management, credit syndication, acceptance credit, counselling, insurance, etc. † Merchant Banks are popularly known as â€Å"issuing and accepting houses†. They offer a package of financial services. We will write a custom essay sample on Merchant Banking or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unlike in the past, their activities are now primarily non-fund based. One of the basic requirements of merchant banks is highly professional staff with skills and worldwide contacts. The basic function of merchant banks is marketing corporate and other securities, that is guaranteeing sales and distribution of securities. All the aspects- origination, underwriting and distribution of the sale of industrial securities are handled by them. They are experts and good judges of the type, timing and terms of issues and make them acceptable to investors under prevailing preferences and market conditions, and at the same time afford the borrowing company, flexibility and freedom that it needs to meet possible future contingencies. They guarantee the success of issues by underwriting them. They also provide all the services related to receiving applications, allotment, collecting money, sending share certificates and so on. The merchant banker normally does not assume all the risk himself while underwriting the issue. Merchant banks offer services also to investors. The range of activities offered by merchant banks is much wider than sponsoring public issues of industrial securities. They offer project finance, syndication of credit, corporate advisory services, mutual fund investments, investment management etc. Services of Merchant Banks †¢ Project Counselling: Project counselling includes preparation of project reports, deciding upon the financing pattern to finance the cost of the project and appraising the project report with the financial institutions or banks. It also includes filling up of application forms with relevant information for obtaining funds from financial institutions and obtaining government approval. †¢ Issue Management: Management of issue involves marketing of corporate securities viz. equity shares, preference shares and debentures or bonds by offering them to public. Merchant banks act as an intermediary whose main job is to transfer capital from those who own it to those who need it. After taking action as per SEBI guidelines, the merchant banker arranges a meeting with company representatives and advertising agents to finalise arrangements relating to date of opening and closing of issue, registration of prospectus, launching publicity campaign and fixing date of board meeting to approve and sign prospectus and pass the necessary resolutions. Pricing of issues is done by the companies in consultant with the merchant bankers. †¢ Underwriting of Public Issue: Underwriting is a guarantee given by the underwriter that in the event of under subscription, the amount underwritten would be subscribed by him. Banks/Merchant banking subsidiaries cannot underwrite more than 15% of any issue. †¢ Managers, Consultants or Advisers to the Issue: The managers to the issue assist in the drafting of prospectus, application forms and completion of formalities under the Companies Act, appointment of Registrar for dealing with share applications and transfer and listing of shares of the company on the stock exchange. Companies can appoint one or more agencies as managers to the issue. Portfolio Management: Portfolio refers to investment in different kinds of securities such as shares, debentures or bonds issued by different companies and government securities. Portfolio management refers to maintaining proper combinations of securities in a manner that they give maximum return with minimum risk. †¢ Advisory Service Relating to Mergers and Takeover s: A merger is a combination of two companies into a single company where one survives and other loses its corporate existence. A takeover is the purchase by one company acquiring controlling interest in the share capital of another existing company. Merchant bankers are the middlemen in setting negotiation between the two companies. †¢ Off Shore Finance: The merchant bankers help their clients in the following areas involving foreign currency. (a) Long term foreign currency loans (b) Joint Ventures abroad (c) Financing exports and imports (d) Foreign collaboration arrangements †¢ Non-resident Investment: The services of merchant banker includes investment advisory services to NRI in terms of identification of investment opportunities, selection of securities, investment management, and operational services like purchase and sale of securities. †¢ Loan Syndication: Loan syndication refers to assistance rendered by merchant bankers to get mainly term loans for projects. Such loans may be obtained from a single development finance institution or a syndicate or consortium. Merchant bankers help corporate clients to raise syndicated loans from banks or financial institutions. †¢ Corporate Counselling: Corporate counselling covers the entire field of merchant banking activities viz. project counselling, capital restructuring, public issue management, loan syndication, working capital, fixed deposit, lease financing acceptance credit, etc. bibliography a manual on merchant banking by JC Verma How to cite Merchant Banking, Papers

Health Services and Facility Planning-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Health Services and facility Planning. Answer: Introduction Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S population. Heart disease and stroke contribute to the crisis in the heath care service. With increased burden and disparity, the cardiovascular heart disease is ruling the U.S population. The population is largely affected due to the lifestyle conditions like smoking and alcohol addiction. The economic costs of the disease are increasing exponentially each year. Thus a National level public health care plan must be conducted in order to prevent the disease. Cardiovascular disease risk factors hugely depend on lifestyle conditions and are highly preventable. The plan will be justified to solve the problems with the population. The purpose of the health care plan will address the prevention of the risk factors, detection and treatment of the risk factors, early diagnosis. It will take a comprehensive health care strategy plan. Population based planning Risk factors Heart diseases are mainly the consequence of the antherosclerosis and high blood pressure or hypertension. The distinct age, family history and genetic factors are the main contributing factors for the cardiovascular heart disease (Saydah et al, 2014). Environmental scan The environmental scans must be made before mapping out the systems and programs to be conducted. The multiple facets of the health care environment scan will include the persons who will ask and answer the research questions. A coordinator and team member must be designated who will champion the environmental scanning. There required 2 project leaders who will be expertise in public health and cardiovascular control, experience in policy, systems, assessments in the populations, health communication. The coordinator must be responsible for day to day evaluation. The environment scan will require the materials like the report of the statistics of the cardiovascular disease in U.S.A. In a 1972 report from the inter-society commission for heart disease is the resource of the policy regarding the laws rules and regulations that are to be followed with the national prevention plan. Collection of the letters from the local state partners will help for the gain of support. Demographic profile of the selected population It has been reported that about approximately 16.3 million Americans aged 20 and older have cardiovascular heart disease. It is found that the prevalence for men is around 8.3% and for the women is 6.1%. Data from Strong heart data found the incidence of the heart disease is maximum at the age between 45-74 (Bauer et al, 2014). Determinants of heath, burden of disease data The determinants of health and burden data shows that mostly the low and middle class families in the U.S populations are affected by the disease. The national health care plan strategy must be taken in such a way that is feasible for the low resource settings (Prss-stn Neira, 2016). List for morbidity and mortality data About 610,000 people death occurs by the cardiovascular disease in United States. Therefore, the morbidity rate follows that cardiovascular disease is the reason of 1 in every 4 deaths. Every year about 735,000 Americans suffers from this and experience heart attack (Lal et al, 2017). Figure 1: The bar diagram showing deaths due to cardiovascular disease in various age groups population of Australia. Source- (Lal et al, 2017) References Bauer, U. E., Briss, P. A., Goodman, R. A., Bowman, B. A. (2014). Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA.The Lancet,384(9937), 45-52. Prss-stn, A., Neira, M. (2016).Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks. World Health Organization. Saydah, S., Bullard, K. M., Cheng, Y., Ali, M. K., Gregg, E. W., Geiss, L., Imperatore, G. (2014). Trends in cardiovascular disease risk factors by obesity level in adults in the United States, NHANES 1999?2010.Obesity,22(8), 1888-1895. Lal, A., Mantilla-Herrera, A. M., Veerman, L., Backholer, K., Sacks, G., Moodie, M., ... Peeters, A. (2017). Modelled health benefits of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax across different socioeconomic groups in Australia: A cost-effectiveness and equity analysis.PLoS Medicine,14(6), e1002326.