Clinical Governance and Risk Management - 3227 Words

Clinical Governance and Risk Management have become increasingly important over the last decade in the various fields of nursing. The development of the concept of clinical governance will be discussed and how it can be facilitated into practice with relation to learning disabilities nursing. Clinical Governance was first introduced in the White Paper ‘The New NHS: Modern, dependable’ (DoH, 1997). Donaldson (1998) viewed clinical governance as the vehicle to achieve, locally, continuous improvements in clinical quality, which will aid the government’s agenda for modernisation of the NHS. This modernisation includes improving services such as clinical audit, clinical effectiveness programmes and risk management. Donaldson was among many†¦show more content†¦The Health Act (1999) gave chief executives of NHS trusts a statutory responsibility for clinical governance; they are accountable for the successful implementation. However, to achieve the daily high s tandards of care all staff must acknowledge and understand the components that support clinical governance into their practice. Boden and Kelly (1999) view these components as Clinical audit, Clinical effectiveness, Clinical Risk management, Quality assurance and Organisational and staff development. Some of the components may or may not be new but they are now placed in an overall framework for quality and assurance. Each element mentioned, must be scrutinised to ensure it is serving both the patient and the organisation. McSherry and Pearce (2007a pg.59) state that ‘to ensure that an organisation and staff deliver a high quality service, they need to have sound knowledge and well developed skills and competencies to perform their roles efficiently and effectively’. To attain this, it is essential that each component is lead by a clinician who has respect and confidence in healthcare staff and has the ability to influence, guide and lead through change. Walshe (2000) recognise the growing number of research articles on clinical governance that identify the many challenges that organisations face in its implementation. The barriers affecting the implementing process originate from internal and external sources, which can affectShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Clinical Governance Project Leader At Mokoia District Health Board Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pages GOVERNANCE MANAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE HLTH.8002 ASSESSMENT 1-REPORT ID NUM 27009892 11/21/2014 â€Æ' Summary of the report I am Gowthami the health professional appointed to the role of clinical governance project leader at â€Å"Mokoia District Health Board†. 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What Are The Withdrawal Symptoms - 816 Words

HPE RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What are the withdrawal symptoms? 2. What support is available for teenagers who are addicted? 3. What strategies could Teenagers use to combat peer pressure? WHAT ARE COCAINE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS? The most commonly cited Gawin and Kleber undertook study into cocaine withdrawal in 1986. Using data collected from 30 cocaine-dependent outpatients, the investigators reported three distinct phases ( crash , withdrawal and extinction ) of the withdrawal process: †¢ Phase one, the crash , developed rapidly following abrupt cessation of heavy cocaine use and was characterised by acute dysphoria, irritability and anxiety, increased desire for sleep, exhaustion, increased appetite, decreased craving to use.†¦show more content†¦The 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health estimates that about 0.7 percent of kids over the age of 12 used cocaine in the month prior to the survey and another 0.1 percent abused crack in the same time period. Many parents have enrolled their teens into a program called Teen Challenge to help those with a teen drug addiction. This program is extremely successful and transforming the lives of Teens who are addicted to drugs and alcohol. Teen Challenge is designed to help teens turn their lives around, rebuild relationships and, most of all, break the cycle of addiction and not relapse. A by-product of this life rebuilding process is a reduction in drug and alcohol crime in the community. What strategies could teenagers use to combat peer pressure? A very simple and probably the most basic one would be to stop hanging out with the people that do drugs and force peer pressure upon you. Teenagers should surround themselves with good people and that will help them become a better person and deal with peer pressure and will most likely shape what kind of person they’ll become in the future but not only that but even shaping the future career wise is always a possibility. Parents can play a huge role in the difference of their child becoming a drug addict because of peer pressure or them living up to their expectations simply by guiding them in the right direction and maybe keep a closer eye out on them wont do any harm although teenagers

Merchant Banking Free Essays

string(196) " there it is famous in all around the world and now India is become major hub of providing these services Indian bank are provided these services very successfully and they are regulated by SEBI\." A merchant bank This free essay was written by a student and not by our expert writers. If you need custom essays on your exact essay questions, then have a look at our essay writing service. What is Merchant Bank? A Merchant bank is a bank or a financial institution which is more focusing on providing financial services and advice to corporations and wealthy individuals, so we can say that a Merchant bank is that which providing Private equity activities of banking. We will write a custom essay sample on Merchant Banking or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two types of banks which provides these private equity services and they are Merchant banks and Investment Banks and the main difference between these banks is merchant bank invest its own capital in a client company whereas an investment bank is act as a distributor of the securities of the company in its capital raising role. First bank that providing these services was establish on 13th November 1994 and its name was First Merchant Bank (FMB). It is a registered commercial bank that’s established in Malawi Stock exchange. So, in short we can say that Merchant bank is the bank that engaged in providing the business of issue management either by making arrangements regarding selling, buying or subscribing to securities as manager , consultant, advisor or rendering corporate advisory service in relation to such issue management. Objectives of Merchant Banking in Prevailing economy:- * To Study the role of Merchant Banking towards the development of Securities industry * To analyze and regulate the functions of issue Management regulations * To perform the function of merchant banking as per the guidelines of rules and regulations of SEBI. To draw a conclusion and suggestions based on analysis and experiences. Merchant Banking in India: Merchant banking can be describe as a commercial activity that’s first introduced in India by issuing management of public issue of capital and loan syndication. In 1969 ANZ Grindlays Bank introduced merchant bank services first time in India. This bank also provide s management consultancy services to medium and small sector. The activities of merchant banking in India include the following services:- * To manage customers securities * To manage the portfolio of Customers To manage the projects and counseling as well as appraisal * To manage the underwriting of Shares and debentures * To manage the process of interest and dividends * To circumvention of the syndication of loan Registration of Merchant bankers with SEBI:- It is mandatory for a merchant bank to register with SEBI. Without holding certificate of origin granted by SEBI . Following are some regulations which are given by SEBI in order to be a Merchant Banker:- * Only a body corporate other than a non-banking financial company shall be eligible to get registered as merchant banker. As a merchant banker, applicant can only perform the function that are connected with Security market. * Applicant should have proper infrastructure to set up Merchant bank. * Two employees with prior exp erience in merchant banking should be there in merchant bank. * Applicant should not be involved in any security scam or in any proved guilt for offence. * Minimum net worth of 5 crores should be there with applicant at all the time. Categories of Merchant Bankers:- Merchant bankers are classified in following 4 categories:- Merchant Banks that provides all the functions related to management of Issue, advisory/consultancy services, portfolio managers, underwriters and Portfolio managers. This type of merchant bankers comes under category 1 * Merchant banks that provides functions as underwriters, advisors and consultants is comes under category 2 * Merchant banks that provides function of Underwriters, advisors and Consultants these banks comes under category 3 * Merchant banks that can provide only advisers and consultancy services to an issue comes under category 4. Major Merchant Bankers in India:- In India Merchant Banking is new Concept but still there are 135 banks who register as Merchant Bank under SEBI. It includes Public Sector, Private Sector and Foreign Bankers. Following are some examples of these Bankers:- Public sector Merchant Bankers: * SBI CAPITAL MARKETS LTD * PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK * BANK OF MAHARASHTRA * IFCI FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD * KARUR VYSYA BANK LTD, * STATE BANK OF BIKANER AND JAIPUR Private Sector Merchant Bankers: * ICICI SECURITIES LTD * AXIS BANK LTD. (FORMERLY UTI BANK LTD. ) * BAJAJ CAPITAL LTD TATA CAPITAL MARKETS LTD * ICICI BANK LTD * RELIANCE SECURITIES LIMITED * KOTAK MAHINDRA CAPITAL COMPANY LTD * YES BANK LTD. Foreign Players in Merchant Banking: * GOLDMAN SACHS (INDIA) SECURITIES PVT. LTD. * MORGAN STANLEY INDIA COMPANY PVT LTD * BARCLAYS SECURITIES (INDIA) PVT. LTD * BANK OF AMERICA, N. A * DEUTSCHE BANK * DEUTSCHE EQUITIES INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED * BARCLAYS BANK PLC * CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INDIA PVT. LTD. * DSP MERRILL LYNCH LTD * FEDEX SECURITIES LTD ANALYSIS OF ARTICLES ARTICLE 1:- Marketing effectiveness in Merchant Banking In this article author Alka Sharma discuss about the economic reforms that took place in Indian financial sector. This type of reforms has gaining more importance as financial intermediaries and also help in opening new opportunity for growth and development of various financial services. As a result of this new reforms there is a shift in financial services from quantitative to qualitative services. Financial institution is highly competitive due to which many financial institutions comes with new and modern services and its best example is Merchant Banking as almost all the banks are providing this type of services. In this article it has been further explained that how effectively the banks providing this services and how much competition is these banks facing while providing this services because these services is almost same in all the banks and that’s why they are focusing on different marketing Strategy while providing these services and how private and public banks differ in providing these services this article also further tells that private banks are more successful while providing these services Article:- 2 Merchant Banking Services -Some thoughts on Indian Scenario http://www. articlesbase. om/banking-articles/merchant-bankingservicessome-thoughts-1351247. html In this article author DR. R. Srinivasan discuss about the merchant banking services in India and article tells that this services first started in Italy and from there it is famous in all around the world and now India is become major hub of providing these services Indian bank are provided these services very successfu lly and they are regulated by SEBI. You read "Merchant Banking" in category "Essay examples" This article also discuss the Services of merchant banker like Management of Debt, Placement and distribution, loan syndication services, project advisory services and providing venture capital. Article 3:- Final rule on Merchant Banking activities. In this article author discuss about the rule of governing merchant banking services it tells how merchant bank performed this services and how SEBI regulated the banks. This article also discuss that a new competition has been started between the banks in order to attract more business and the bank are more focusing on qualitative services like marketing network, Brand name, and advisory functions. Finally this article conclude that Merchant Banks following no uniform strategy by providing these services because they are fighting on service bases. Article4 : – Merchant Banking Past and present This article begins by defining merchant banking and provides a short history of it. The article then looks at the private equity market and changes in stock exchange in India, examining that market in terms of its evolution, typical uses of funds, and forms taken by the investments. Discussed next is commercial bank involvement in merchant banking: the structure of commercial bank involvement, the evolution of that involvement, and the recent track record. The major provisions of the SEBI, legislation which authorizes financial holding companies to engage in merchant banking, is looked at next. The final section focuses on the relationship among merchant banking, risk, and the regulators. Note: OE: Overall Excellence; FSS: Financial Soundness ; QPS: Quality Product/Service; QM: Quality Management; INN: Innovativeness. Major services of Merchant Banking in Detail:- Project Counseling:- it is one f the important function of merchant banks, it includes all the functions starting from taking decision whether the project is feasible or not on the basis of financial cost and profitable scope of the project and this function also includes giving financial help to these projects with the help of government and financial institutions. Issue Management: – Now a days it is one of important of Merchant Banks. Many companies issues there IPO, shares, debentures in order to raise their funds and Merchant Banks act as a intermediary between Public and cooperates helps in successfully issue of these securities. Merchant Banker has to perform this function as per SEBI guidelines. All the important decisions like date of opening and closing of issue, registration of prospectus, launching publicity campaign, fixing date f board meeting and all other major decisions are taken by Merchant Banker. Managers, Consultants and Advisers: – Merchant banks act as a consultants and advisors of corporate while issuing any type of securities. They performed the functions like drafting of prospectus, application forms and completion of formalities under Company Act 1956. Companies usually appoint one or two Merchant Banks for issuing their securities. Underwriting of Public Issue: – By underwriting we mean guarantee given by the underwriter in event of under subscription. Merchant banks perform this function now days and cannot subscribe more than 15% of any issue. Portfolio Management: – Portfolio management means to diversified the investment of the investors or to plan their investment in different type of securities like in shares, Mutual Fund, government securities etc. so has to gain better returns at a minimum risk. This function is performed by all the Merchant Banks now a days. Credit Syndication:- Credit syndication relates to activities connected with credit procurement and project financing, aimed at raising Indian and foreign currency loans from banks and financial institutions, are collectively known as ‘credit yndication’. Merger and Acquisition:-This is a specialized service provided by the merchant banker who arranges for negotiating acquisitions and mergers by offering expert valuation regarding the quantum and the nature of considerations, and other related matters. The various functions that form part of this activity are as follows: 1. Undertaking management audit to identify areas of corporate strength and weakness in order to help formulate guidelines and directions for future growth. . Conducting exploratory studies on a global basis to locate overseas markets, foreign collaborations and prospective joint venture associates. 3. Obtaining approvals from shareholders, depositors, creditors, government, and other authorities. 4. Monitoring the implementation of merger and amalgamation schemes. 5. Identifying organizations with matching characteristics. Venture Financing:-Venture capital is the equity financing for high-risk and high-reward projects. The concept of venture capital originated in the USA in the 1950s, when business magnates like Rockefeller financed new technology companies. The concept became more popular during the sixties and seventies, when several private enterprises undertook the financing of high-risk and high reward projects. Lease Financing:-Leasing is an important alternative source of financing a capital outlay. It involves letting out assets on lease for use by the lessee for a particular period of time. Following are the important services provided in regard to leasing: 1. Providing advice on the viability of leasing as an alternative source for financing capital investment projects. 2. Providing advice on the choice of a favorable rental structure. Off Shore Finance: – Following are the offshore functions performed by Merchant bankers:- * Long-term foreign currency loans * Joint venture abroad * Financing Imports and Exports * Foreign Collaboration arrangements Corporate Counseling The set of activities that is undertaken to ensure the efficient running of a corporate enterprise is known as corporate counseling. It may include the rejuvenating of old line companies and ailing units, and guiding the existing units in identifying the areas or activities for growth and diversification. The merchant banker guides the clients on various aspects like Location factors, organizational size, operational scale, choice of product, market survey, cost analysis, cost reduction, allocation of resources, investment decision, capital management and expenditure control, pricing, etc. Examples of Best Merchant Banker:- ( BEST MERCHANT BANKERS IN INDIA) SBI CAPITAL MARKET: -According to Business outlook magazines SBI capital Markets , Subsidiary of SBI is the oldest and best Merchant Banker in 2009. It mainly offers services in Mergers and Acquisition, it also offers services in Publics and right offers, private placements and buybacks and it provides Project advisory in mainly core sector i. e. Telecom and Power sector. SBI caps have got this appreciation after successfully doing IPO in 2008. KOTAK MAHINDRA BANK:- According to Business outlook magazine Kotak Mahindra Bank because this bank manages 13 equity issue which includes ONGC, Biocon and Infosys ADR offerings. How Merchant Banks Help In Launching an IPO:- If we talk about the previous method of issuing IPO , in this method merchant banker and issuer fixed the price and then investor’s buy IPO by filling the application form but this traditional method is changed due to changing role of Merchant Banks and changing scenario in Indian stock market. Recently Hughes software is used in order to launch an IPO. Following are new method of launching an IPO now and how Merchant Banks helps in doing that:- * First of all Merchant bankers and Issuer fixed the price by using Bidding Method, in India Price has been fixed which seems to be below 50% lower as compared to this price which should be fixed, so, IPO is issued underpriced. * Then Merchant Bankers Selects Syndicate members who help them in selling the issue * Orders were then collected by Merchant bankers and then they submitted it to NSE by using the computerized IPO system * Then in next step Investors could place, modify and delete orders in book building period. Then NSE system revealed this information to Merchant Bankers. Full database of the orders was passed on by NSE to Merchant Bankers. CURRENT SCENARIO OF MERCHANT BANKING At present merchant banks following main services and major Merchant Bankers in India is providing these services * Portfolio Management Credit Syndication * Acceptance Credit. * Counsel onmergers and acquisi tions. * Insurance, etc. Indian merchant banks initiate loans and then sell them to investors. As planning and industrial policy of the country envisaged the setting of up of new industries and technology, greater financial sophistication and financial services are required. There is a well proven link between economic growth and financial technology. Economic development requires specialist financial skills: savings banks to marshal individual savings; finance companies for consumer lending and mortgage finance; insurance companies for life and property cover; agricultural banks for rural development; and a range of specialized government or government sponsored institutions. As new units have been set up and business is expanding, they require additional financial services. A public equity or debt issue is the logical source of fund in this situation and merchant banks can tap this opportunity of growth. The areas of great scope could be, * Growth of Primary market: If the primary market grows and number of issues increases, the scope of merchant banking will be enhanced. * Entry of Foreign Investors: Now India capital market directly taps foreign capital through euro issues. FDI is increased in capital market. So Merchant bankers are required to advice them for their investment in India. The increasing number of joint ventures also requires expert services of Merchant Bankers. If more and more NRIs participate in capital market, there will be great demand for merchant banker services. Changing policy of Financial Institutions: and the lending policies of financial institutions are based on project orientation, so the merchant banker services will be needed by corporate enterprise to provide expert guidance. * Development of debt markets: If the debt market is enhanced, there will be tremendous scope for Merchant bankers. Now NSE and OTCEI are planned to raise their fund through debt instruments. Corporate restructuring: Due to liberalization and globalization Companies are facing lot of competition. In order to compete, they have to go for restructuring, merger, acquisitions or disinvestments. They may offer good opportunities to merchant bankers * The scope could be extended to 1. Advising the company on designing of its Capital Structure. 2. Advising the company on the instrument to be offered to the public. 3. Pricing of the instrument. 4. Advising the company on Legal/ regulatory matters and interaction with SEBI/ ROC/ Stock 5. Exchanges and other regulatory authorities. 6. Assisting the company in marketing the issue. 7. In channelizing the financial surplus of the general public into productive investment avenues. 8. To coordinate the activities of various intermediaries to the share issue such as the registrar, bankers, advertising agency, printers, underwriters, brokers etc. 9. To ensure the compliance with rules and regulations governing the securities market THE FACTORS ON WHICH GROWTH OF MERCHANT BANKING DEPENDS: 1. Planning and industrial policy of the country i. e. India in this case 2. Prevailing Economic condition of the country 3. Regulatory system of the market and economy prevailing in India 4. Confidence of the people, traders, buyers, marketers, business houses, financial institutions etc 5. The economic environment of the outside world. 6. Competition among the existing players and the upcoming entrants. CANARA BANK Canara Bank is one the best commercial bank in India it was amongst the oldest Indian Bank in India. Its head office in india is in Banglore, India this bank is present all around the world i. . in London, Hong Kong, Moscow, Shanghai, Doha and Dubai. It is very well known for its centricity, at present it occupies premier position in the comity of Indian banks. It has shown very good profits and its current growth is very good. Canara Bank has launched several new revolution in the banking industry:- * It introduce Inter-City ATM network * It obtains ISO certification for a branch * It introduced Bank’s Citizen Charte r * It issued credit card for farmers * It also provides Agriculture consultancy services Merchant Banking Services by Canara Bank:- In India Canara bank is one of the Best Merchant banker and it provides best merchant banking services as compare to its competitors. It also holds SEBI registration certificate and act as a banker to an issue and has the network of exclusive capital market services to handle collecting, refund and paying Banker assignments. It also undertakes project appraisal and helps in raising capital from capital/ debt issue. Canara Bank is one of the leading Merchant banker and has been associated with the issues ranging from 1 to 1500 crores which involves issues of various types of industries, banks and statutory bodies etc. nd helps in handling issues of both retail and HNS. Following are the major merchant banking services provided by Canara Bank:- * EQUITY ISSUE MANAGEMENT * DEBT ISSUE MANAGEMENT * PRIVATE PLACEMENT * PROJECT APPRAISAL * MONITORING AGENCY ASSIGNMENTS * IPO FUNDING * SECURITY TRUSTEE SERVICES * AGRICULTURE CONSULTANCY SERVICES * CORPORATE ADVISORY SERVICES * MERGERS AND AC QUISITION * BUY BACK ASSIGNMENT * SHARE VALUATION * SYNDICATION * ESOS CERTIFICATION ABOUT INDBANK INDBANK establish in 1907 and its head quarter is at Chennai. It is no. merchant banker in India it has 1667 branches and of the biggest public sector bank is India. It is nationalized and had branches all over the world i. e. 229 branches in 69 countries. Merchant Banking services provided by this bank:- * It acts as a function of lead manager, Co-manager, advisor, arrangement for public and right issue. * It also performs the function of Merger and acquisition and also buyback of securities under SEBI regulation 1996 * Merchant banking services of INDBANK also includes following Advisory services:- * Valuation of shares and other financial instruments Syndication of loans * Acquisition * Project Counseling and feasibility studies Performance on the bases of last three years:- ( 2006 to 2009) Interpretation:- If we compare these two Banks on the terms of their profile then there is no doubt Indbank is far ahead as compare to Canara Bank because of two reasons:- * Firstly this bank is Government bank and their capital base is much higher as compare to Canara Bank. * Secondly Indbank is older than Canara bank and it is well established. But if we compare it on the bases of performance in providing these Merchant Banking services then in case of equity issue,Allottess and M ; A Canara bank is ahead of Indbank whereas In case of AVG IPO IND bank is ahead of Canara bank. So, we can say that these banks are very close on the bases of competition if we compare their performance. So, it is very hard to compare these two banks but we can say that they are very close to each other. Read more: http://www. universityessays. com/example-essays/english-language/a-merchant-bank. php#ixzz2CXlx0LMj How to cite Merchant Banking, Essay examples Merchant Banking Free Essays Merchant Banking Merchant banking may be defined as, â€Å"an institution which covers a wide range of activities such as management of customer services, portfolio management, credit syndication, acceptance credit, counselling, insurance, etc. † Merchant Banks are popularly known as â€Å"issuing and accepting houses†. They offer a package of financial services. We will write a custom essay sample on Merchant Banking or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unlike in the past, their activities are now primarily non-fund based. One of the basic requirements of merchant banks is highly professional staff with skills and worldwide contacts. The basic function of merchant banks is marketing corporate and other securities, that is guaranteeing sales and distribution of securities. All the aspects- origination, underwriting and distribution of the sale of industrial securities are handled by them. They are experts and good judges of the type, timing and terms of issues and make them acceptable to investors under prevailing preferences and market conditions, and at the same time afford the borrowing company, flexibility and freedom that it needs to meet possible future contingencies. They guarantee the success of issues by underwriting them. They also provide all the services related to receiving applications, allotment, collecting money, sending share certificates and so on. The merchant banker normally does not assume all the risk himself while underwriting the issue. Merchant banks offer services also to investors. The range of activities offered by merchant banks is much wider than sponsoring public issues of industrial securities. They offer project finance, syndication of credit, corporate advisory services, mutual fund investments, investment management etc. Services of Merchant Banks †¢ Project Counselling: Project counselling includes preparation of project reports, deciding upon the financing pattern to finance the cost of the project and appraising the project report with the financial institutions or banks. It also includes filling up of application forms with relevant information for obtaining funds from financial institutions and obtaining government approval. †¢ Issue Management: Management of issue involves marketing of corporate securities viz. equity shares, preference shares and debentures or bonds by offering them to public. Merchant banks act as an intermediary whose main job is to transfer capital from those who own it to those who need it. After taking action as per SEBI guidelines, the merchant banker arranges a meeting with company representatives and advertising agents to finalise arrangements relating to date of opening and closing of issue, registration of prospectus, launching publicity campaign and fixing date of board meeting to approve and sign prospectus and pass the necessary resolutions. Pricing of issues is done by the companies in consultant with the merchant bankers. †¢ Underwriting of Public Issue: Underwriting is a guarantee given by the underwriter that in the event of under subscription, the amount underwritten would be subscribed by him. Banks/Merchant banking subsidiaries cannot underwrite more than 15% of any issue. †¢ Managers, Consultants or Advisers to the Issue: The managers to the issue assist in the drafting of prospectus, application forms and completion of formalities under the Companies Act, appointment of Registrar for dealing with share applications and transfer and listing of shares of the company on the stock exchange. Companies can appoint one or more agencies as managers to the issue. Portfolio Management: Portfolio refers to investment in different kinds of securities such as shares, debentures or bonds issued by different companies and government securities. Portfolio management refers to maintaining proper combinations of securities in a manner that they give maximum return with minimum risk. †¢ Advisory Service Relating to Mergers and Takeover s: A merger is a combination of two companies into a single company where one survives and other loses its corporate existence. A takeover is the purchase by one company acquiring controlling interest in the share capital of another existing company. Merchant bankers are the middlemen in setting negotiation between the two companies. †¢ Off Shore Finance: The merchant bankers help their clients in the following areas involving foreign currency. (a) Long term foreign currency loans (b) Joint Ventures abroad (c) Financing exports and imports (d) Foreign collaboration arrangements †¢ Non-resident Investment: The services of merchant banker includes investment advisory services to NRI in terms of identification of investment opportunities, selection of securities, investment management, and operational services like purchase and sale of securities. †¢ Loan Syndication: Loan syndication refers to assistance rendered by merchant bankers to get mainly term loans for projects. Such loans may be obtained from a single development finance institution or a syndicate or consortium. Merchant bankers help corporate clients to raise syndicated loans from banks or financial institutions. †¢ Corporate Counselling: Corporate counselling covers the entire field of merchant banking activities viz. project counselling, capital restructuring, public issue management, loan syndication, working capital, fixed deposit, lease financing acceptance credit, etc. bibliography a manual on merchant banking by JC Verma How to cite Merchant Banking, Papers

Health Services and Facility Planning-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Health Services and facility Planning. Answer: Introduction Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S population. Heart disease and stroke contribute to the crisis in the heath care service. With increased burden and disparity, the cardiovascular heart disease is ruling the U.S population. The population is largely affected due to the lifestyle conditions like smoking and alcohol addiction. The economic costs of the disease are increasing exponentially each year. Thus a National level public health care plan must be conducted in order to prevent the disease. Cardiovascular disease risk factors hugely depend on lifestyle conditions and are highly preventable. The plan will be justified to solve the problems with the population. The purpose of the health care plan will address the prevention of the risk factors, detection and treatment of the risk factors, early diagnosis. It will take a comprehensive health care strategy plan. Population based planning Risk factors Heart diseases are mainly the consequence of the antherosclerosis and high blood pressure or hypertension. The distinct age, family history and genetic factors are the main contributing factors for the cardiovascular heart disease (Saydah et al, 2014). Environmental scan The environmental scans must be made before mapping out the systems and programs to be conducted. The multiple facets of the health care environment scan will include the persons who will ask and answer the research questions. A coordinator and team member must be designated who will champion the environmental scanning. There required 2 project leaders who will be expertise in public health and cardiovascular control, experience in policy, systems, assessments in the populations, health communication. The coordinator must be responsible for day to day evaluation. The environment scan will require the materials like the report of the statistics of the cardiovascular disease in U.S.A. In a 1972 report from the inter-society commission for heart disease is the resource of the policy regarding the laws rules and regulations that are to be followed with the national prevention plan. Collection of the letters from the local state partners will help for the gain of support. Demographic profile of the selected population It has been reported that about approximately 16.3 million Americans aged 20 and older have cardiovascular heart disease. It is found that the prevalence for men is around 8.3% and for the women is 6.1%. Data from Strong heart data found the incidence of the heart disease is maximum at the age between 45-74 (Bauer et al, 2014). Determinants of heath, burden of disease data The determinants of health and burden data shows that mostly the low and middle class families in the U.S populations are affected by the disease. The national health care plan strategy must be taken in such a way that is feasible for the low resource settings (Prss-stn Neira, 2016). List for morbidity and mortality data About 610,000 people death occurs by the cardiovascular disease in United States. Therefore, the morbidity rate follows that cardiovascular disease is the reason of 1 in every 4 deaths. Every year about 735,000 Americans suffers from this and experience heart attack (Lal et al, 2017). Figure 1: The bar diagram showing deaths due to cardiovascular disease in various age groups population of Australia. Source- (Lal et al, 2017) References Bauer, U. E., Briss, P. A., Goodman, R. A., Bowman, B. A. (2014). Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA.The Lancet,384(9937), 45-52. Prss-stn, A., Neira, M. (2016).Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks. World Health Organization. Saydah, S., Bullard, K. M., Cheng, Y., Ali, M. K., Gregg, E. W., Geiss, L., Imperatore, G. (2014). Trends in cardiovascular disease risk factors by obesity level in adults in the United States, NHANES 1999?2010.Obesity,22(8), 1888-1895. Lal, A., Mantilla-Herrera, A. M., Veerman, L., Backholer, K., Sacks, G., Moodie, M., ... Peeters, A. (2017). Modelled health benefits of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax across different socioeconomic groups in Australia: A cost-effectiveness and equity analysis.PLoS Medicine,14(6), e1002326.

Friday Night Lights Essays - Limerick, Angelas Ashes, Frank McCourt

Linguistic expression is commonly manipulated by various authors, seeing as it is comprehended that proper skill in such an area improves the effectiveness of argumentation and prose. There is only a limited amount of devices that exist though. Could it be presumed that all author's who rely on it then will end up having similar results if they employ the same ? No, it does not. Frank McCourt, in his memoir, Angela's Ashes, comes to terms with his miserably irish-catholic childhood. McCourt achieves this by recalling a series of particular events from his life that include a variety of both lighthearted and depressing accounts in a manner that takes advantage of literary elements. The author's purpose is to display his stream of conscious in order to demonstrate that his very character was shaped through the miserable events he often was forced to endure. H. G. Bissinger, in his spectative account of Permian High's football team, Friday Night Lights, reveals what he witnessed as he s pent a year in Odessa, Texas an economically and socially troubled town that relies on football to escape the woes of everyday life. Bissinger effectively illustrates the extent of the town's reliance on football by simply reporting on the events that took place and manipulating literary devices to reveal them. The author's purpose is to expose the determination and commitment of the football players who come together as a team. McCourt writes in a gullible cherubic tone while Bissinger writes in a quick paced informal tone, both have a similar wide ranged audience. Though both Angela's Ashes and Friday Night Lights tend to rely on the same literary elements to achieve a certain effect, the emotions provoked and stimulated were remarkably different. Rather than this being the result of each book being centered around different situations, the result is due to literary elements of the same nature being able to shift purpose depending on how they are employed. Angela's Ashes and Frida y Night Light' Both authors demonstrate a fluctuating syntactical pattern. The syntax alters much too often to attach one particular configuration to them. Through the constantly changing sentence structures, a distinct colloquialism is revealed. "Upsy daisy, little Paddy, upsy daisy, up in the air in the dark , so dark, oh, jasus, you miss the child on the way down and poor little Patrick lands on his head, gurgles a bit, whimpers, then goes quiet. (AA 13) Angela's Ashes supports an 'Irish' colloquialism. McCourt also tends to reveal more of the Irish culture by often inserting references to legends of 'Cuchulain', which he learned from his father, and common Irish songs sung by his mother or other characters in the memoir. In Friday night Lights, Bissinger, on the other hand, reveals a Texan dialect through his characters. "What do you think?" he said, motioning to the crowd, to the stadium, to the starry beauty of it all. "You ain't seen nothin' yet. Wait till Midland Lee."(FNL 85) Bissinger is not Texan, as his characters were, while McCourt shares the same background with his characters. This is made evident throughout each story because McCourt often makes his allusions or metaphors refer to his Irish culture and upbringing. Bissinger on the other hand only reflects small town Texan culture through the speech patterns of his characters or whenever he describes a setting. Otherwise it is not included in his writing style. Point of view is another aspect that both author's rely on, yet use differently. In Angela's Ashes, McCourt writes including himself as a character in the memoir. "I wish I had something to eat but there's nothing in the icebox but cabbage leaves floating in the melted ice. My father said never to eat anything floating in water for the rot that might be in it."(AA 20) Bissinger writes acting as a narrator who is not part of the story. "Welcome guys" were the words coach Gary Gaines used to begin the 1988 season, and fifty five boys dressed in identical grey shirts and grey shorts, sitting on identical benches, stared into his eyes."(FNL 23) Frank McCourt declares the details of a situation, yet allows the audience to interpret the situation as they wish. H.G. Bissinger also grants

Air Transport And Legislation In Europe Tourism Essay Example

Air Transport And Legislation In Europe Tourism Essay Example Air Transport And Legislation In Europe Tourism Essay Air Transport And Legislation In Europe Tourism Essay Created on August 31st 1933, Airfrance is the chief Gallic air hose company. It serves the chief Gallic airdromes and besides many of foreign finish. Her chief ub is situated has AÂ «A Paris Charles De GaulleA AÂ » . KLM: KLM Royal Dutch Airlines is a Dutch air hose company created on October 7th 1919 in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. In 2008, the company is based at Schiphol airdrome in Amsterdam and her fleet flies towards 131 finishs in 65 different states. In 2004, KLM and Air France merged to make the group Air France-KLM, first universe air group functioning 326 finishs accross the universe through of import platforms of correspondence as the Roissy-Charles de Gaulle airdrome or the Schiphol airdrome. KLM is a member of SkyTeam since September, 2004. KLM portions, since June 6th 2005, her trueness plan called Flying Blue with Air France, who is the laminitis of Skyteam. The success of the public offer of exchange on KLM allows the new group, based on the construct AÂ «A a group, two companies, three jobsA AÂ » , to prosecute rapidly its scheme. Three degrees of precedences were released: the chase of the control of the costs for each company, the execution of the synergisms, the development of the SkyTeam confederation with the coincident entranceof KLM, Northwest Airlines and Continental Airlines ( ab initio spouses of KLM ) Alitalia: Alitalia is the chief Italian air hose company, created in 1946. From 2006, the Italian authorities looks for campaigners to get Alitalia For the connexions between Italy and France, the companies operate in joint venture ( as a individual company ) . There are really 582 hebdomadal flights for which merely 30,6 % are assured by Alitalia, In January, 2009, the Italian company has eventually accepted the rigorous conditions of the return over by the Air France KLM group. British Air passages: British Airways is the national air hose company of the United Kingdom. It operates domestic and international flights since its chief hub at the London Heathrow airdrome. British Airways is the 3rd European air hose company after the group Air France-KLM and German Lufthansa. British Airways is a laminitis of Oneworld. The scheme of British Airways is to take a firm stand of a good quality of the service, ( good repute of the First category, World ou Europe nine ) . On November 12th, 2009, the company announces that it will unify with Iberia in 2010. On April 8th, 2010, the amalgamation between the company and Iberia is made functionary. The new group will be called AÂ «A International Airlines GroupA AÂ » . A Air Europa: Air Europa Lineas Aereas, is a Spanish air hose company established in 1986. Previously called Air Espana, it was the first private Spanish company to do scheduled flights. Since September 1st, 2007, Air Europa is an associate member of the SkyTeam confederation. On June 22nd, 2010, Air Europa becomes a full member. It belongs to Globalia Corporacion Empresarial S.A. Lufhtansa: Lufhthansa is the first German national air hose company every bit good as the first European air hose company in riders footings transported in forepart of Air France-KLM. Today, it is considered as a pillar of Star Alliance. Lufthansa holds Lufthansa Cargo and since 2005 Swiss International Air Lines. The company was established in 1926 in Austria following the amalgamation of two German companies: Deutsche Aero Lloyd and Junkers Luftverkehr on January 6th. From 1992 the German State began the denationalization of the company which ended in 1997 when it became wholly private. It s chief hub is the international Francfort Airport. On November 27th, 2008, Lufhthansa creates an Italian subordinate, Lufthansa Italia, to set up on the Italian market. The Alliance Between air hose companyA : The confederations between air hose companies are understandings of cooperation between air hose companies. For basically economic grounds an air hose company operates from a individual base, or from a figure really limited. Airline companies make often bilateral understandings with a local company to farm out or interchange services: cheque in, planes care. With the development of the traffic and the competition between companies, these wanted to further client trueness. The chosen tool is the trueness plan which, to work efficaciously has to let the rider to link a upper limit of finishs. The figure of these confederations may non diminish because the United States and the European governments are worried about the maintaining of the competition. The oldest large confederation still here today was found in 1989, when Northwest Airlines and KLM signed an understanding of flight in sharing of large-scale codification: today these two companies are portion of SkyTeam since the amalgamation of KLM with Air France in 2004. Alliance ObjectiveA : Development of client trueness Generation of the services in the airdrome: private waiting suites, local bureau of representation. Addition of the figure s finishs. Unique cheque in and easy correspondence between flights within the same confederation. Similar service on the whole web. The three chief alliancesA : A Star Alliances Oneworld Skyteam Passengers for twelvemonth 586,6 1000000s 329,8 1000000s 395 1000000s Market portion 29,30 % 18 % 19 % Companies ( non tie in member ) Adria Airways Air Canada Air China Air New Zealand ANA Asiana Airlines Austrian Airlines Bluel BMI Brussels Airlines Continental Croatia Airlines Egyptair LOT Polish Airlines Lufhthansa SAS Singapore Airlines South African Airways Spanair Swiss TAM Linhas Aereas TAP Air Portugal Thai Airways International Turkish Airlines United Airlines Us Airways American Airlines British Airways Iberia Cathay Pacific Finnair Japan Airlines LAN Malev Quantas Royal Jordanian S7 Airlines Aeroflot Aeromexico Airfrance KLM Alitalia China Southern Airlines CSA Czech Airline Delta Korean Air Tarom Air Europa Kenya Airways Vietnam Airlines Network: strong point United statess and Canada Caribbean South Americ West Europe Eastern Europe Middle East Asia Australia New Zealand Pacific Island United statess and Canada Mexico Caribbean Central America West Europe Asia Australia and New Zeland Pacific Island United statess and Canada Mexico Caribbean West Europe Eastern Europe Middle East Asia Network: weak point Mexico ( America West Merger ) Africa ( South African Airways ) Africa Australia and New Zeland B ) Legislation in Europe 1 ) AIR SAFETY Safety of the civil air power: common regulations To protect the air conveyance of individuals and the goods, the European Union established applicable common regulations in all the Union to forestall the Acts of the Apostless of illicit intercession. The regulations is applied to all the airdromes or to the parts of airdromes under the district of a state of the EU. The regulations are non merely applied to the airdrome companies but besides to every administration working in the airdrome. Common basic normsA : The common basic norms of protection of the civil air power concern: the airdrome safety airdromes delimited country the safety of aircrafts the riders and the a piece of hand-luggage the registered luggage The cargo and the mail ; the mail and the equipment of air hose company ; the supply of border and letter paper intended for airdromes ; steps of security in flight the enlisting and the preparation of the staff ; the equipments of safety. Aviation security charges This proposal is to set up a common model modulating the indispensable security charges and their computation in order to guarantee transparence in regard of airdrome users. Requirement for air bearers to pass on rider informations This Directive requires air bearers to roll up and convey to the governments of the Member State of finish responsible for boundary line control, informations on their riders. In instance of non-compliance, they can be fined or, in instance of serious misdemeanor, it would take to forfeiture of the conveyance or remotion of the operating license. These informations are transmitted to those governments for enrollment of riders, they are usually sent electronically to the governments. A comprehensive attack to informations transportation Passenger Name Record ( PNR ) This memoranda establishes a set of general standards for bilateral transportation of PNR informations ( PNR ) between the Union ( EU ) and 3rd states to harmonise processs between transmittal and the commissariats refering informations protection. The European Union ( EU ) has adopted new steps to counter the menace of terrorist act and organized offense presented in the Commission Communication on the direction of information in the country of freedom, security and of justness. These steps include the usage of PNR ( Passenger Name Record, PNR ) * for jurisprudence enforcement intents. PNR informations are progressively used, which raises the inquiry of protection of personal informations PNR The present proposition of determination imposes on air hose companies due to go forth towards the European Union ( EU ) to pass on a set of informations, the informations PNR, with the national inhibitory governments. This transmittal is merely realized in the intent to forestall ( warn ) or to contend ( difference ) the terrorist act and the organized criminalism. Airline companies have to pass on by electronic manner, in specific governments, the Unit of measurements of impermanent information ( URP ) , the informations PNR relation to the international flights. THE URP indicated by each Member province, is a being asked to roll up the informations PNR passed on by these bearers. Once the informations were collected by the URP, this one makes their analysis by continuing to an rating of the hazard which put the riders. This rating is intended to aim, towards the standards established by the national jurisprudence, the individuals susceptible to be the object of a elaborate scrutiny. 2 ) International dimensionA : Member provinces can non move merely in the dialogue of understandings of international air services. These services must be treated now by the community: regulations ( IT ) N 847/2004 of the European Parliament and the Council of April 29th 2004. The understandings opened Sky: The opinions of November fifth 2002 of the European Court of Justice, said opened Sky , are the point of going of a common foreign policy of the air power. Opinions opened Sky acquire three spheres: the reserve systems computerized, the intercommunity monetary value lists and the clip slots. Each of them being wholly governed by a community statute law. This understanding plans a entire gap of the transatlantic connexions to the European and American companies. With the new text, the air hose companies of the Union will can: do flights towards the United States since any European airdrome, and whatever their nationality ( the United States so recognize the European nature of these ) A ; operate without restriction on the figure of flights ( larcenies ) , devices and roads ; put the monetary values harmonizing to the market ; mark understandings of cooperation. The aims of this politic are: the realisation on the skyline 2010 of a common air infinite, which will include the IT and all the spouses situated on its South and east bordersA ; re-form the international civil air power. It exist other understandings between the states of the Union and the USA: they authorize the United States to revoke, to suspend or to restrict the right of air hose companies trafic appointed by the signer States. Montreal Agreement on the duty of air hose companies Montreal Agreement was ratified by the Union what allows to hold a unvarying legal model to regulate the duty of air hose companies in instance of harm caused to the riders, to the baggage and to the goods during international journeys.

Week 4 Discussion-Epi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 4 Discussion-Epi - Essay Example 006) Joseph Imoka, the World Health Organization’s tuberculosis coordinator in the country’s health ministry, said, â€Å"TB will attack HIV/AIDS patients who already have low resistance.† Kampala Henry Wasswa, (2006) About 12 cases of tuberculosis was reported in October 2007 in a place called Yellowknife and the TB team in Yellowknife are treating them carefully in addition to spreading awareness among the people who are potentially exposed to it. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis attack not only the lungs, but also other parts of the body. The primary causes of contacting this disease is poor nutrition and over- exposure to smoke and over-crowding. The at- risk group involves the Aboriginal population (Alix McNaught, 2008) and people who live in crowded slums and other places. The conventional methods of detecting outbreaks of diseases such as surveillance of any notifiable disease that is clinician based or laboratory based are less sensitive and timely, leading to poor outcomes and delayed treatment of diseases and therefore a system has been put in place for early detection of outbreaks. In the case of the West Nile Virus, (WNV) cases have been reported to have been imported from countries like Nicaragua etc. The WNV is an arbovirus that belonged to the family of Flaviviridae and generally transmitted among avian hosts and mosquito vectors especially the Culex. Humans and horses are accidental secondary hosts. (Kramer LD, Li J, Shi PY., 2007) Migrating birds are considered responsible for the outbreaks of WNV to places such as Asia, middle East, Americas, Africa, Europe, France, Israel and Egypt. Considering the above two cases, the tuberculosis disease could only be an outbreak because of the occurrence of stray cases in certain areas. To be called a cluster, a larger number of cases are needed to have been reported. Whereas, in the case of the WNV virus, the virus is easily spread through migratory birds and mosquitoes to high risk areas and is

Organizational behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Organizational behaviour - Essay Example Team-based working is not same as group-working; the latter usually refers to two or more individuals that come together to achieve a common goal or share similar interests whereas the former entails and instills synergy through collective working and striving towards achievement of a common goal and usually results in enhanced performance. Katzenbach and Smith (1993; qtd in DeCarlo, 2010) define a team as, â€Å"a small number of people with complementary subject matter expertise who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals, and a common approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.† Teams can be of various types such as cross-functional teams, self-managed teams, virtual teams and problem solving or project teams. Accenture uses all these structures of teams to achieve its varied goals in diversified businesses across multiple locations. From a sociological and evolutionary perspective, it is true that ‘man’ is a social being a nd cannot live in isolation for longer time and achieve his desired goals. The same holds true in terms of his/her actions and performance. On another note, as pointed out by West and Markiewicz (2004; p.2), â€Å"To live, work, and play in human society is to cooperate with others.† These reasons are sufficient to advocate team-based working in highly competitive business environment. In an ideal state, team-based working is meant to bring together different people with diverse skills, attitudes, and experiences to come together and work towards a common goal. Such working is seen as an advantage by business leaders as it fosters innovative ideas, reduces erroneous activities/work, improves emotional statuses of employees and reduces individual stress. At Accenture, complex and... This paper says that team-based working involves grouping individuals that share common goals and interests; however, at an organisational level, these groups are formed on the basis of individuals’ abilities, skill-set, and job for which they are hired or job responsibilities. To sum up, the paper approves that on one hand team-based working facilitates better outcomes in less stressful manner and helps in establishing better relationships with other employees and customers and with employees across different functions. This structure improves communication process and helps in obtaining better understanding of expectations and goals, procedures and processes, and individuals’ abilities and weaknesses. On the whole, the team’s value and assets, in terms of people, knowledge, and resources, increases greatly compared to average value of individuals of the team put together. On the other side, team-based working comes with numerous challenges such as high potential for dysfunctioning of the team in the absence of right team members, effective leadership, appropriate resources and objectives, and the right approach to teamwork. Effective coordination and communication and appropriate cooperation among team members is essential to maintain harmon y among team members and in turn achieve desired objectives. Challenges surface in terms of differences at various levels such as profession, culture, personality, attitudes, roles, self-interests, and respective functional or organisational expectations.

Analyze how moses is related to the herioc model Essay

Analyze how moses is related to the herioc model - Essay Example   Moses’ leadership was known as directed by God; He who is God was the One responsible for all the directions and instructions that Moses was giving to his people, the Israelites. Moses goal is to free the Israelites from slavery under the Egyptians and deliver them to the promise land, Canaan, a land where milk and honey were overflowing. But their journey towards the promise had never been that easy, it was a journey accompanied by temptations and bloodshed to which they were strengthened by faith. Their entrance would be accompanied by the power and presence of God Himself, for He alone would be their strength and victory. That God would be with them Israel in their taking of the land was as much a trustworthy promise as the land itself; indeed, perhaps more so. However, as we know, Israel did not really receive the inheritance promised, at least not fully. Forgetting the command of the Lord, they prostituted themselves with other gods and committed idolatry. Eventually, the people of Israel were taken into exile. The Promised Land given to them by God was taken away. The promise remained unfulfilled.As we saw by Moses' response to the oppression of his fellow Jew, he certainly did possess leadership qualities. The model of leadership in the Jewish tradition is not the individual who is willing to subjugate others, rather the individual who is willing to sacrifice for others. Moses was the most modest of men, became the finest leader and teacher that our people have had.

Effect of Inter-professional Team on Collaborative Working

Effect of Inter-professional Team on Collaborative Working How Communication within an Inter-professional Team Can Affect Collaborative Working Strategies Introduction Schwartz, Lowe Sinclair (2010) have stated that effective communication is very important for a health care professional and service user to interaction with each other successful and also between the health care professionals. according to Weiss Tappen (2014),P98 Communication is considered to be a core competency in promoting inter-professional collaborative practice. This assignment will identify and discuss the differences within the inter-professional and collaborative working strategies, which can help health care professionals overcome any boundaries within different professions. The assignment will also looked at the knowledge and skills which are vital in order to show autonomy in practice this help nurses to improved their level of interaction with different professionals within the an inter-professional team. Anderson(2013), have stated that communication is vital in nursing profession this is due to the nursing practice on a daily basis is build on collaborating or working with different professionals. (Garwood, Lingard et al, 2005) reported that when medical errors take place, the reasons for the error are often traced back to breakdowns in communication between members of the healthcare team. It has been stated by Goodman and clemow(2010) nursing profession is not a solitary profession. Nurses should therefore be able communicate effectively with different professionals in order to work as a part of the team and interact successfully. If nurses can maintain this positive attitude of working in inter-professional collaborative working strategies and communicate effective, this will not only benefit the patient centre care but it will also reduce the conflict within different professions. Anderson (1990) stated that active listening is a process that requires energy and concentration to avoid one missing major points which would in turn compromise delivering quality care to the service users. This has been evidenced in both Victoria Climbie baby P cases and Mid Staffordshire(Francis report 2013) where there was a lack of communication and collaboration among the inter-professional group which led to fatal incidents in both cases. According to (Hall and Weaver,2001) in order to improved the quality of the service user there has to be a good communication, collaboration and congruence among the health care provides. To be an effective collaborative worker. The Nursing Midwifery Council (NMC,2008) have state in the code of conduct that nurses must able to work effectively as a part of a team and this can only be achieved through if nurses are willing to sharing their knowledge, skills and experience with their colleagues. making consultations, taking advice when appropriate, and making referrals to other practitioners. cooperate with others in the team; maintain your professional knowledge and competence; be trustworthy and to act to identify and minimise risk to service users This strategy naturally entails communication with other professionals. Communication in this case can be verbal or non-verbal.when communicating with different professional it is vital that the language which is used during the communication is understood by all those whom are involved in the care of the service user. (Kourkouta Papathanasiou, 2014).What that means is that during inter-professional communication the language which is use should be formal and consistent. This is another way which help to improve inter-professional communication and enhance collaborative practice. Schwartz et al.(2010) have identify that one related problem which prevent effective development of inter-professional communication, which is development of a language that is different for every profession. Having a language which is only unique to one profession or discipline can seriously cause communication barrier within personnel from different professions or discipline(Schwartz et al.2010). Miscommunication could be due that health care professionals are unable to understand the information which been given , now this could be due to lack of shared understanding of commonly used acronyms , terms and concepts.( Schwartz et al.2010).This can have great impact of the quality of collaboration within professionals this could be due that they are unable to understand each other on easy way. In order to deal with this problem it is important to avoided use of medical jargon, especially when inter-professional team involved non-healthcare personnel. This issue of using medical jargon when communicating with non-healthcare personnel has been a hot topic during the lecture of Cares of Hertfordshire, they have stated that they wish that healthcare professional will communicate with them with the language that they understood not so many medical jargon that they do not understand and has not been explained to them in way that they could understand it. which is why it vital to recognize our own use of jargon and asked colleagues clarified unclear terminology and use jargon free language whenever is possible. Campbell(2006) Have reported that poor communication has frequently been cited as one of the biggest criticisms in health care settings. Another importance of collaboration is that it ensure the transfer of accurate information necessary to deliver appropriate care . Nurses have also been advice to adopt a structured format of verbal and non-verbal communication skill which is acceptable to all members of the inter-professional team. One structured which is common within the hospital known as SBAR,(Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation) this method make inter-professional communication more effective and easy to understand and reduced any confusion . Narayan(2013,p504). According to Kourkouta Papathanasiou, (2014,p65) have stated that communication can happened even without words been said, which is it is important to recognise that non-verbal communication is quail important as verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is through body language and facial expression (Kourkouta Papathanasiou,2014 ) . This is why it is vital that nurses learn within early stage of their practice learn how read and understand other professionals non-verbal communication, which usually should use with spoken words, in order to fully understand the information communicate and eventually improve collaborative practice. It is important to have a clear and structured form of communication in order to prevent stereotyping and judgmental attitudes and unprofessional behaviours towards other members of staff. with this knowledge in hand it is important to make sure ones future professional judgement or decision are based on accurate information sharing, making sure that non-judgemental avoided misunderstanding and misconception when making decision. This is one of the reason why The NMC (2008,p5) states that nurses should be able to work cooperatively within teams and respect the skills, expertise and contribution of the others. another strategy of collaborative working is that always make sure that patients or service users are involved at any decision making regarding their acre. According to Beauchamp Childress (2001) the autonomy of services users should be respected and their decision-making capacity of independent person which enabling them as an individuals to make reasoned informed choices about their treatment. It is clear that nursing profession is like any other profession which requires a certain of independence from other professions even if the practice of nursing required ones to work collaborating with other professions. Dave (2009) have state that the role and responsibilities needs to be defined, challenged and task to be shared within health care profession this will enable both nurses and different other health care professions whom are also involved in service user care. Independent practice points to the concept of autonomy. Dewar (2010) states to be able to practice professional autonomy means that one is already in the advance practice of ones profession. Nurses should be able make clinical decision directly relating to their patients care in order to practice autonomy. It is important to know yourself and your capabilities, to understand what makes us do the things we do and why we do them. also to be self-aware. Self-awareness is a vital aspect of professional development. People are born into different backgrounds and are different in their ways, motivations, thoughts and beliefs; however as a professional, it is important to recognise how these affect others to be able to establish and maintain therapeutic relationships with patients. (Swapna ,2007) Knowing our own thoughts and feelings, strengths and weaknesses gives us the ability to guide us in our decision making, and also helps us to become more self-confident in our approaches The main priority of service improvement is to improve access for patients by engaging clinical teams to reduce waits and delays at all stages across a patient pathway. Service Improvement is achieved by looking for opportunities to redesign as well as ensuring that effective waiting list management practice is implemented. Conclusion Inter-professional communication gravely affects collaborative working strategies which use within an inter-professional team. It is core effect which is inefficient collaborative practice which enable to make sure high quality of care is deliver to the patients at all time. poor inter-professional communication can hinder collaboration within professionals and which in turned can have a greater impact on the quality of care which delivered to the patient. It is important to have good inter-professional communication and collaborative working practice in place to prevent any miscommunication happening within the health care. SBAR is one good example of using a formal structured language. It is also very important as a health care profession to remind ourselves to avoided using medical jargon . References Anderson, L. (2013). Why communication in the nursing profession is important? Retrieved May 10, 2015, fromhttp://www.nursetogether.com/why-communication-in-the-nursing-profession-is-important Anderson, C. (1990) Patient Teaching Communication in an Information Age. New York. Delmar Publishers Inc. Beauchamp T Childress J (2001) Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford. Oxford University Press Dewar, K. (2010). Advanced practitioners and advanced practice. In: M. Standing (Ed.).Clinical judgement and decision-making in nursing and inter-professional.(pp. 28-53). Maidenhead: Open University Press. David Hutton (2009)Professional Advisor Revalidation, Nursing and Midwifery Council Preceptorship Framework for Newly Registered Nurses, Midwives and Allied Health Professionals Department of Health (2009) Goodman, B. and Clemow, R. (2010).Nursing and collaborative practice: A guide to interprofessional learning.London: SAGE. Francis (2013) Report on Mid Staffordshire Hospital. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government. Hall, P., Weaver, L. (2001). Interdisciplinary education and teamwork: A long and winding road. Medical Education, 35, 867 – 875. Joshi Swapna Ranade Sujata (2007)Model Answers in Obstetrics Nursing Published byJaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. The Nursing Midwifery Council (2008) Code of professional conduct: Standards for Conduct, Performance and Ethics. London. NMC Kourkouta, L. Papathanasiou, I. (2014). Communication in nursing practice.Mater Sociomed,26(1), 65-67. Narayan, M. (2013). Using SBAR communications in efforts to prevent patient rehospitalizations.Home Healthcare Nurse,31(9), 504-515. Rita Debnath Professional Skills in Nursing: A Guide for the Common Foundation Programme (Campbell 2006) Chapter 3 Communication Skills Schwartz, F., Lowe, M. Sinclair, L. (2010).Communication in health care: Considerations and strategies for successful consumer and team dialogue.Retrieved December 20, 2014, fromhttp://www.hypothesisjournal.com/?p=885 Thurgood, G. (2011). Teamwork: Working with other people. In: R. Burton G. Ormrod (Eds.).Nursing: Transition to professional practice.(pp.118-157). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Verhovsek, E., Byington, R. Deshkulkarni, S. (2013). Perceptions of interprofessional communication: Impact on patient care, occupational stress and job satisfaction.The Internet Journal of Radiology.12(2) Retrieved December 20, 2014,https://ispub.com/IJRA/12/2/4895 Weiss, S. Tappen, R. (2014).Essentials of nursing leadership and management.Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. 09203474 Jarra jabang1

Community and the Rocky Horror Picture Show :: Rocky Horror Descriptive Essays

Community and the Rocky Horror Picture Show Sex, adultery, rock and roll, and belonging. These are just some of the things that draw teens into The Rocky Horror Picture Show every Friday and Saturday night. Most teens are drawn in by a family connection and there are still others who are simply drawn in by the curiosity brought up by the name of the show alone. I was drawn in because of family and friend ties to the show. Many teens who go find themselves in a place where they feel that they belong. Teens who normally get called â€Å"freaks† go to Rocky because it is a place where they are no longer considered that. Every person that attends Rocky has a certain uniqueness about them that is celebrated at every show. When you go to Rocky, you meet others who are just like you. This helps to build friendships and bonds between the attendees. It also creates an air of family in the theater that goes everywhere with you. Every week there is a random number of virgins, or first timers, chosen to be sacrificed. These sacrifices are all in fun and are seen as a way of passage into the Rocky community. The first time I went, myself and three other virgins were chosen to be sacrificed. Our sacrifice was long, painless, and completely hilarious. In fact I don’t think that it would have been half as fun if I hadn’t had my three closest friends sitting in the audience laughing at me. Out of the four of us chosen only one was a boy and they made him be an ataman. The two remaining virgins and I were placed under a table and left there to our own devices while the cast made a toast to a newly married member. My being chosen to be sacrificed made me feel as if I really belonged there and would never be shunned. I was also very pleased by the fact that I was chosen to be sacrificed by my favorite character, Eddy who was being played by Dustin Martinez that night. After the toast was finished we did our oath and were allowed to go back to our seats and the show began. In the Rocky community everyone is celebrated for who they are. Individuality is something special among the â€Å"Trannies† and it will always be that way. No guy is ever ridiculed or mocked for dressing like a woman and no woman is ever looked down upon for dressing like a man.

Barney and Sustained Competitive Advantage.

When we left off in the last seminar, we were just starting to talk about firm specific advantages. According to Barney and his article Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage, a few things are needed to gain a firm specific advantage. But also, he argues that a firm can gain a Sustained Competitive Advantage. SLIDE According to Barney, a firm has a sustained competitive advantage when it is implementing a value creating strategy not simultaneously being implemented by any current or potential competitors AND when these other firms are unable to dublicate the benefits of this strategy.But what does a company need to gain such an advantage? First of all, it needs certain resources, which can include assets, capabilities, products, information, knowledge etc. SLIDE But these resources must have four attributes: 1. they must be valuable in the sense that they exploit opportunities or neutralize threats in a firm’s environment. This goes without saying. 2. They must be rare among a firm’s current and potential competition. This simply means that this resource or strategy cannot be implemented by other firms at the same time. They must be imperfectly imitable (hard to copy for other firms) and 4. There cannot be strategically equivalent substitutes for this resource that are valuable, but neither rare or imperfectly imitable. Can anyone think of a specific firm, or a type of business or industry, which has a clear example of sustained competitive advantage? Short discussion. SLIDE We thought about what kind of a firm could gain a sustained competitive advantage, and came to the conclusion that certain pharmaceutical companies are able to gain perfect sustained competitive advantage.To explain why, we need to have a look at the pharmaceutical market. To make things a bit simple, we can divide the industry into two different categories: Companies which develop new kinds of medicine, and others which copy the original medicine, and produce what is called generic drugs. Some companies actully do both. SLIDE Companies which develop new medicine spend huge amount of money on research and development when making a new drug. They get the best scientists from all over the world, gather huge amounts of medical information, test the drugs etc.They also need to prove the safety of a new drug, and demonstrate it’s effect, in special clinical trials. And of course, they need to market the new drug. This process can cost huge amounts of money. Lets say a company spends millions of dollars and ten years on developing a new drug that cures all kinds of cancer. It would be rather disappointing for that company if generic drug companies were able to copy the drug the moment it hits the market, only spending money on manufacturing the drug, but not on development and testing.The maker of the original drug would probably soon run out of business. SLIDE So, to protect the original drug, the company can get a patent for the new drug. For how long is different between countries, but for example in the US, patents give 20 years of protection. But for as long as a drug patent lasts, the firm enjoys a period of market exclusivity, or monopoly if you like. Under those circumstances, the company is able to set the price of the drug at a level which maximizes profitability. The profit can greatly exceed development and production costs of the drug.Often, when the patent runs out and many other companies start making generic drugs, the prices fall dramatically and real competition starts. But to sum things upp, new developed medicine can fit Barney’s theory: They can be valuable, rare and not only hard to copy, but simply impossible. SLIDE The point is – if a firm can develop a new important type of medicine, and get a patent so it wont be copied, it has a perfect sustained competitive advantage while the patent is still valid, and therefore, fits well into Barney’s theory.

Tips and Techniques to Avoid Writers Block

Tips and Techniques to Avoid Writers Block Tips and Techniques to Avoid Writer's Block The writing process is rarely a straightforward one. It always comes with periods of self-doubt and lack of inspiration. Most authors struggle to know how to handle these challenges. This is why we decided to interview a specialist on writer's block: Tom Evans.Tom is the author of over 10 books on creativity, meditation and Big Questions. He teaches authors how to ‘meditate’ to get inspiration and words for their books.In this interview, he teaches us simple techniques and principles to keep writer’s block at arm’s length and unlock our creativity - even under tight deadlines!Hit â€Å"play† if you want to hear him offer his advice in a calm, soothing voice; or, alternatively, read the transcript below! Hi Tom, great to have you here! Why don’t you give us a bit of background on your writing career and how you got started as an author unblocker?Sure, I’ll tell you how my career started, because I think most writers end up being writers by accident - you can’t necessarily plan it. I was on a plane going on a holiday to the Caribbean when all of the sudden this idea for a book came in. So I started writing furiously and by the time we landed the first draft was finished. I published it when I got back to the UK, it’s called 100 Years of Ermintrude, as a hommage to One Hundred years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez.That was before the Kindle, so I just published it as a PDF-ebook and people started downloading it and liking it! A lot of people started approaching me, saying â€Å"you’ve written a book, can you help me write one?† and it kind of started from there. At the time I was a bored IT consultant. Before I knew it I had written and published a second and third book and was helping a lot of writers with the creative process. But many people came to me as they were stuck, and I had no tools to deal with the â€Å"stuckness†. So I went and learned a bit of hypnotherapy and progression therapy and I discovered mechanisms to unblock pretty much anyone.In all cases of writer's block, there is an underlying life block, which you need to deal with.Let’s say an author approaches you because they’re stuck. What do you do to unblock them, do you look for the underlying life block?There are two main ways of doing it. The first one is to put such a big carrot in front of the author that it blasts the block away: â€Å"look, getting this book out is going to change your career; it’s going to open a bunch of doors, etc.†Or, sometimes, they just don’t have a big enough idea. I was talking to a couple of authors this morning who had been writing this book for 5 years now, but didn†™t have the idea for it formed that well. So I didn’t technically need to do any unblocking; all I needed to do was give them the whole vision for their book - through mind-mapping. I also gave them the structure for the book and how they were going to co-write it. Now they’ve got the vision, they’re up and running.A few weeks ago, we were interviewing Scott Berkun, a speaker and myth-buster on creativity and innovation, and he said that writers’ main problem is laziness. Would you agree with that? What can writers do to avoid it?Yes, it’s actually amazing how people can become creatively uncreative: they get really creative about doing everything else but the creative task.A lot of times, what happens is people have false starts when getting started. I’m sure there are many more half-written manuscripts on people’s hard-drives than there are published books out there. For most of them, it’s because the idea wasn’t st rong enough, so they get to a point where they ask themselves â€Å"where is this going?†So I always start with a structure. Of course I leave the author enough freedom to creatively wander around, but always within a structure. All my books have got a metalayer. For example, for my latest book, I knew it was going to be 18 chapters. And what I do is I make appointments for my chapters in my diary. I move other plans around these appointments, but these are sacred because no one else is going to write my book. It’s a really good discipline to have.And what happens then is that the information that you need to write that following chapter has that uncanny way of just showing up. There are a few neurological reasons for that, but basically your brain tunes in to what you need to write, so you get into that lovely zone on the given day and the chapter just flows.But of course, if you allow other elements to come in, it will disrupt that process and the book will never get written.But doesn’t this outlining, defining of the structure and planning of the writing process impose constraints on your plot and characters that go against the idea that the story will develop by itself?There are two approaches I think. In non-fiction, structure is vital. In fiction, I believe you still need some form of structure. It can be temporal - a chronology you’re going to follow - or event-based, or even character-based.Let’s say you have this classic structure of a character who goes through a journey of trial to find enlightenment, you need to define a meta-level for this character that you’re going to hold, and then you can throw things at the character that will challenge them and help them find their way.If you think about Dan Brown - my guilty pleasure – all his books have this hero A, hero B, and then the albino monk. And you know that at some point the heroes are going to get together and the albino monk will come in as we ll. Having that kind of meta-structure works. Obviously, you let things happen as you let the creative flow come in. But the reason you have a structure is so you finish. I started working with somebody a couple of years ago who has now ended up writing 180,000 words, so we have to split it into a trilogy. If you have a clear structure when you start writing, you know how long the book will be.You also use meditation a lot to unblock authors, slow down time and unlock creativity. How can authors use meditation in order to get past all the things that are an obstacle to the writing?The first thing I want to say is that there’s no mystic around meditation. You don’t need to sit in a dark room or in a cave. It’s a natural thing that we all do. When we fall into our creative zone we are in a meditative state.One thing we all need to remember is that our minds are only capable of having one thought at a time. When you’re thinking about what you’re think ing about, the thought you were thinking gets replaced by the thought you’re thinking about it, you know what I mean?If I’m thinking â€Å"will people really care about the words that I’m writing right now?†, then that takes my mind away from the words themselves. So getting in the meditative state with your eyes open is a fantastic way to get completely absorbed and focused on what you’re doing, and to take your conscious mind out of the loop. You become more of a channel of the work as opposed to a generator of it: it’s almost as if the work comes through you. Very often, I have to read the book that I wrote to work out exactly what I’ve written because I was in such a meditative state when writing that I wasn’t aware of it.The way to get into the eyes-open meditative state is to learn first how to meditate with your eyes closed. I’ve recorded a few visualizations that are free to teach authors how to do that. And as y ou rightly say, when you get into that state, time seems to take that lovely ethereal quality and you get more things done.You mentioned book marketing. That’s the other big thing that authors can be afraid about or don’t know how to handle, and I think marketing also requires a lot of creativity and structure. Do you also help authors on that path?Yes, more and more. I think there are two forms of block: writer’s block and author’s block. Writer’s block is the one that prevents the authors from getting the book written, and author’s block is the block that stops them from getting the book out there.Often, writers can be shy, afraid of public speaking, etc. So I help them with that. Nowadays, thanks to the internet, we can do things like this Hangout, or podcasting. There are lots of ways of being creative about getting the work out there.One of the things I love doing, for example, is serializing bits of my books in audio. You can put those out on podcast channels, you can tweet them, Facebook them, etc.That’s really interesting, because there is a lot of talk around serializing novels now with Kindle Unlimited, and there has been a lot of talk around audiobooks for some time now; but combining the two and serializing audio is something I haven’t seen any authors do so far. Thanks for taking the time to chat with us, Tom!My pleasure! And one last note to finish for all authors out there: you must get yourself a Reedsy profile, they’re absolutely brilliant!Follow Tom Evans and Reedsy on Twitter: @thebookwright  and  @ReedsyHQ!What do you do to  Ã¢â‚¬Å"get in the zone†? How do you manage to power through writer’s block? Leave us your thoughts, or any questions for Tom, in the comments below!

Free Essays on Silver Mining

Roughing It This Literature selection from Roughing IT by Mark Twain was about the gold and silver mining experience of Mark Twain. Everyone at that time had â€Å"silver fever†. Mark Twain like everyone else had a goal. Goal to find silver! Mark confessed without a shame that he expected to find masses of silver just lying all round the ground. Things weren’t as easy as Mark thought they would be! They had to build small, rude cabin. The first chance that Mark got he went away from the cabin; keeping his eyes on the others he began his search. He found something shinny and he realized it was gold. Never did he dream of finding gold only silver! Making sure no one sees him he started scooping the gold out. He decided to keep his gold find a secret. Eventually he told Mr. Ballou, who was a gold miner about his gold find. As Mr. Ballou looked at the â€Å"treasures† he told Mark that it wasn’t real gold! Nothing-gold glitter. Mark Twain’s dreams went down the hill. When I first read the article I didn’t understand it at all. After re-reading it few times I understood it more. I don’t think I would ever go mining. You spend so many days away from your family with no guarantee. Why not just live on what you have? In my opinion people who go mining are just greedy! In a way I could see where they are coming from. They just want more and better things for their loved once. They go through so much and in the end in most cases they have nothing. Mark Twain got his hopes up so high and in the end, he had nothing, and that’s what happens to most people. This article was really had me thinking. I definitely don’t think I would ever go through all that torture just for money. Money isn’t everything. Health and Happiness is!!!... Free Essays on Silver Mining Free Essays on Silver Mining Roughing It This Literature selection from Roughing IT by Mark Twain was about the gold and silver mining experience of Mark Twain. Everyone at that time had â€Å"silver fever†. Mark Twain like everyone else had a goal. Goal to find silver! Mark confessed without a shame that he expected to find masses of silver just lying all round the ground. Things weren’t as easy as Mark thought they would be! They had to build small, rude cabin. The first chance that Mark got he went away from the cabin; keeping his eyes on the others he began his search. He found something shinny and he realized it was gold. Never did he dream of finding gold only silver! Making sure no one sees him he started scooping the gold out. He decided to keep his gold find a secret. Eventually he told Mr. Ballou, who was a gold miner about his gold find. As Mr. Ballou looked at the â€Å"treasures† he told Mark that it wasn’t real gold! Nothing-gold glitter. Mark Twain’s dreams went down the hill. When I first read the article I didn’t understand it at all. After re-reading it few times I understood it more. I don’t think I would ever go mining. You spend so many days away from your family with no guarantee. Why not just live on what you have? In my opinion people who go mining are just greedy! In a way I could see where they are coming from. They just want more and better things for their loved once. They go through so much and in the end in most cases they have nothing. Mark Twain got his hopes up so high and in the end, he had nothing, and that’s what happens to most people. This article was really had me thinking. I definitely don’t think I would ever go through all that torture just for money. Money isn’t everything. Health and Happiness is!!!...

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Art - Essay Example It was hard to tell the reaction of others because all conversations were held to a whisper. The staff at the museum consists of a director and curators that specialize in their areas of expertise. In addition to the professional staff the museum hires college students trained to answer questions. While I viewed a great amount of exhibits at the museum, the exhibit that I was most drawn to was themed around impressionistic art about Italy form the 19th century. In addition to being highly artistic, the exhibit demonstrated an almost virtual experience of Italy. An added element of was that rather than being directly from Italian artists, the art was created by artists with an outside impression of Italy. In these regards, I believe the work that was presented had a more highly romanticized quality than it would had the artists been natively born in Italy. I contribute this to the fact that when individuals visit Italy they tend to visit tourist attractions and marvel at the scenery, rather than growing cynical at the historical nature of the country. The work I was most drawn to was Robert Duncanson’s A Dream of Italy. The painting was created in 1865 in Montreal after the artist visited Italy. The artist was the descendent of former slaves, and he had migrated to Cincinnati for a time where there was a vibrant art culture and only moved to Montreal to escape the racial strife brought on by the Civil War. The painting’s genre is a landscape work. The painting is Oil on canvas. It is symmetrical in that the mountain and tree protruding from the left of the landscape balance out the Italian villa picture on the right. The painting is well orchestrated in its depiction of an idealized Italian landscape. In great part Duncanson implements muted green and browns to illustrate the landscape in the foreground, while an ethereal blue depicts the distant scenery. The artist utilizes sharp line distinctions in creating a dynamic contrast between the fore-gr ounded scenery and the distant mountain background. In this respect, the artist is successful in creating a harmonious effect. The painting seems directly influenced by similar historical landscape works, and has been noted as having similar qualities to Albert Bierstadt’s Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California, which was created the same year. I was attracted to the work both by its vision of an idealized Italy, which I believe is its greatest artistic strength, and its overriding aesthetic mastery of landscape. From a contemporary perspective some individuals may criticize the painting as being somewhat mundane, as such landscapes have become cliche in the contemporary environment that has been inundated by graphic depictions. In this sense its aesthetic value as an entirely unique work of art is diminished, however its artistic mastery remains uncontested. Its ultimate cultural significance may be more closely aligned with Duncanson’s personal background as a desc endent of slaves who created the work in exile during the Civil War, than as a unique artistic object. In comparing this work to other works, one of the works from the course that most sticks out in my mind is Monet’s ‘Sunrise’. When considering Duncanson’s A Dream of Italy in regards to Monet’s work, I recognize there are a lot of similarities and differences. While both paintings consider the nature of an idealic scenery the way they express this imagery through artistic measures is strikingly different. In Duncanson’